What makes a hypothesis testable?

• A. It can be supported or refuted by data.
• B. It is always true.
• C. It requires no data collection.
• D. It is based on opinion.

Answer: (A)

Testability means there is a clear way to gather evidence that could either support or contradict the claim. A hypothesis is testable when data or observations can be used to evaluate whether the prediction it makes holds up in the real world. If you can collect measurements or run experiments and then determine whether the results align with what the hypothesis predicts, it’s testable. That’s why the statement that a hypothesis can be supported or refuted by data is the best answer.

The other ideas don’t fit because a hypothesis that is “always true” would be unfalsifiable—you could never show it false, which defeats testing. If no data collection is required, there’s no mechanism to evaluate the claim against reality. And if a hypothesis is based on opinion, it lacks the empirical foundation needed for evaluation with evidence.